KNEE  PAIN

Knee pain can often be treated at home. You should start to feel better in a few days. Call 111 if the pain is very bad.

Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

1. Arthritis

• Osteoarthritis::
  
  • Degenerative joint disease caused by the breakdown of cartilage.
• Rheumatoid Arthritis :
  • An autoimmune condition causing inflammation of the joint lining.

2. Injuries:

• Ligament Injuries:
  
  • Such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears.
• Meniscus Tears:
  • Damage to the cartilage that acts as a cushion between the bones of the knee.
• Patellar Tendinitis:
  • Inflammation of the tendons connecting the kneecap to the shinbone.

3. Bursitis:

Diagnosis

• Physical Examination: :
  
  • A doctor will assess the knee for pain, swelling, and range of motion.
• X-rays: :
  • To detect bone fractures or degenerative joint disease.
• MRI or CT Scans:
  • To get detailed images of soft tissues, such as ligaments, tendons, and cartilage.
• Ultrasound: 
  
  • OTo evaluate the condition of the tendons, muscles, and bursae
• Arthroscopy:
  • A minimally invasive procedure to diagnose and sometimes treat knee joint issues.

Treatment Options

Self-Care and Home Remedies

1 RICE METHOD

• Rest:
  
  • Avoid activities that aggravate the pain.
• Ice:
  
  • Apply ice packs for 15-20 minutes several times a day to reduce swelling.
• Compression::
  
  • Use an elastic bandage to compress the knee and reduce swelling..
• Elevation:
  
  • Keep the knee elevated above heart level to reduce swelling

2. Over the Counter Medications

• Medications like ibuprofen or paracetamol can help reduce pain and inflammation.

3. Stretching and Strengthening Exercises:

• Gentle exercises to maintain flexibility and strengthen the muscles around the knee.

Medical Interventions

1. Physical Therapy:

• Tailored exercises to strengthen the muscles around the knee and improve flexibility.

2. Medications

• Anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroid injections, or medications for underlying conditions like arthritis.

3. Assistive Devices:

• Using a knee brace or crutches to support the knee and reduce pressure.

4. Surgery

• Required for severe cases, such as ACL reconstruction, meniscus repair, or knee replacement.

Lifestyle Changes and Prevention

• Maintain a Healthy Weight:
  
  • Reduces stress on the knee joints.
• Regular Exercise:
  • Low-impact activities like swimming or cycling to keep the knee joints flexible and strong.
• Proper Footwear:
  • Wear shoes that provide good support and cushioning
• Avoid Overuse: 
  
  • Modify activities to avoid repetitive stress on the knees.

When to Seek Medical Help

Support